tolley



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

V H. TOLLEY.

BREECH LOADING SMALL ARM. v No. 315,858. Patented Apr. .14, 1885.

(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheep 2.

H.TOLLEY.

BREEGH LOADING SMALL ARM.

1%., 315,858. Patented Apr. 14, 1885.

HENRY TOLLEY, OF BIRMINGHAM,

COUNTY OF WARWICK, ENGLAND.

BREECH-LOADING SMALL-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 315,858, dated April14. 1885.

Application filed November 18, 1884. (No model.) Patented in EnglandJuly 12, 1884, No. 10,101.

To aZZ whom it may concern:.

Be it known that I, HENRY ToLLEY, of Nos. 65 and 66 Weaman Street,Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, England, gun-manufacturer, asubject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented Improvements inBreech-Loading Small-Arms, (for which I have made application forLetters Patent in Great Britain No. 10,101, dated July 12, 1884,) ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention consists in constructing and arranging, in the mannerhereinafter described, the parts of breech-loading small-arms whereibythe mainspring, in addition to its ordinary function of forcing down thehammer to discharge the gun, is utilized in its relaxed state to raisethe hammer to full-cock.

I will describe my improvements as applied to a single-barrelbreech-loading gun; but my said improvements are equally applicabletodouble-barrel guns. I place the short or stand side of themainspring uppermost, and on the other ,or longer arm or side of themainspring I make a curve near the doubled part of the spring, for thepurpose hereinafter described. The said mainspring occupies such aposition in the body of the gun that while the end of its longer arm isjointed to the swivel of the hammer, the short or stand side in partoccupies a recess in the upper face of the body, and in part projectsbeyond the knuckle or joint end of the body, the curved part of thelonger arm taking a bearing on a curved part of the knuckle concentricwith the pin on which the barrel turns. When the breech end of thebarrel is raised, the stand side of the spring does not wholly occupythe recess described, its end being raised therefrom, the said standside making a small angle with the face of the body. In this position ofthe stand side of the spring, the spring is not in a state of tension;but when the breech end of the barrel is shut down it depresses thestand side of the spring into its recess, the compression of the springproducing the required tension in it for discharging the gun. After thegun has been discharged and the breech end of the barrel unlocked, thebreech end of the barrel is raised through a small angle by the end ofthe stand side of the mainspring, and the said spring is therebyrelaxed. By now continuing the rising motion of the breech end of thebarrel the doubled part of the spring is depressed (the spring turningon the curved bearing described) and the long arm of the spring risesand lifts the hammer past the full-cock position, in which position itis retained by the ordinary scar and bent. When the barrel is chargedand its breech end shut down, the stand side of the mainspring ispressed by the breech end of the barrel into its recess, and themainspring is put into a state of tension ready for firing the gun.

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings represent in longitudinalvertical section, partly in elevation, the breech end of a double-barreldrop-down gun containing lockand cocking mechanism constructed accordingto my invention, Fig. 1 representing the barrels shutdown and thehammers in their discharged positions, and Fig. 2 the barrels raisedfrom the break-off and the hammers cocked, the mainsprings being in arelaxed state. Fig. 3 represents a plan of the under side of the body ofthe gun. Fig. 4 represents a plan of the upper side of the body, andFig. 5 an end elevation of the same. Fig. 6 represents one of themainsprings detached. Fig. 7 represents one of the hammers detached; andFig. Srepresents one of the sears detached.

The same lettersof reference indicate the same parts in the severalfigures of the drawlngs.

a a are the barrels, turning on the joint-pin b, as usual. 0 is the bodyof the gun, and d the hammers. c is the short or stand side of themainspring, which said stand side is situated uppermost, and c is theother or longer side of the mainspring, jointed to the swivel of thehammer d in the ordinary way. ff are the recesses in the upper face ofthe body 0, into which recesses the stand sides 6 of the mainspringspass when the barrels are shut down, as illustrated in Fig. l. Thedoubled part c of each mainspring projects beyond the knuckle or jointend of the body a, and has a bearing upon the barrelforward of the jointpin b. The longer side e of each mainspring is curved at e near itsjunction with the doubled part 6 the said longer sides 6 of the springspassing through openings 0 0" at the end of the body 0. (See Fig. 5.)The curved or knuckle end of the body 0 is provided with recesses at hopening into the recesses f f. The recesses h are concentric with thejoint-pin b, and in the said recesses the curved parts a e of themainsprings are fitted and take a bearing.

The fore end (not represented in the drawings) for holding the barrel tothe body when the gun is open is of the ordinary construction, exceptingthat it is furnished with recesses to pass over the projecting parts 6of the mainsprings when the fore end is fitted in its place on theknuckle end of the body.

By an examination of Fig. 2 it will be seen that when the breech end ofthe barrel a is raised the stand sidee of the mainspring does not whollyoccupy the recess f in the body a, the end of the said stand side makinga small angle with the face of the body 0. In this position of the standside 6 of the spring the said spring is inoperative-that is, it is in arelaxed statethe swivel end of the long arm or side 6 being raised intothe position represented in Fig. 2 by fully opening the barrel. Onshutting down the barrel'it depresses the stand side 6 of the mainspringinto its recess 0 f, as illustrated in Fig. 1, thereby compressing orcramping the spring and producing the required tension in it fordischarging the gun.

The action of the parts is as follows: In order to cook the gun after ithas been discharged, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the barrels are unlockedin the ordinary way. As soon as the barrels are unlocked they are raisedthrough a small angle by the rising of the stand sides 6 of the springs,thereby relaxing or uncramping the said springs. As the breech ends ofthe barrels are further raised, the doubled parts 6 which have a bearingforward of the joint-pin b, are depressed, the curved parts 6 of thesprings moving in the curved recesses or bearings h hin the knuckle endof the body and raising the long arms or sides 6 of the said springs.The hammers d are thereby lifted or thrown back by the said long arms 6into their fully cocked positions,

. and retained in those positions by the scars t,

ing the stand sides 6 brings the mainsprings I into a state of tension,ready for discharging the gun.

My improvements are applicable to single and double dropdown guns andpistols.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the.nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is, of improvements in drop-down small-arms- 1. Thecombination, with the barrel and the hammer of a breakdown gun, of abody or breech-block having a curved bearing, h, and a mainspringarranged in the forward end of the body or breech-block, and having adoubled part, 6 a curved part, e, an upper stand portion, 6, acting onthe barrel, and a lower portion, 6 connected with the hammer,substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the barrel and hammer of a breakdown gun, of abody or breech-block having a recess, f, on its upper side and a curvedbearing at its front end, and the niainspring having a stand portion, 6,a doubled part, seated upon the barrel in front of the knuckle or jointend of the body, a curved part, 6, and a lower portion, 6, connectedwith the hammer, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the barrel and hammer of a breakdown gun, of abody or breech-block having a seat for a doubled mainspring, amainspring having an upper stand portion bearing upon the barrel andalowerportion connected with the hammer, whereby when the barrel isdropped down the stand side of the spring is depressed, causing acramping or depression of the mainspring and a cooking of the hammer,substantially as described.

HENRY TOLLEY.

Witnesses:

RICHARD SKERRETT, ARTHUR J. POWELL.

